Scientific Production in Latin America

An Analysis of Women Researchers’ Participation in STEM Fields over the Past Decade

Abstract

In recent years, scientific production output in some Latin America countries has experienced significant and sustained growth in international projection. However, gaps remain in women’s participation in specific areas, such as science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM). This research analyzed the scientific output of women STEM researchers in Latin America over the last 10 years to identify trends, advances, and challenges affecting women’s presence in regional scientific activity. Based on a literature review, an analysis was conducted of Latin American countries for which the necessary information was available to identify common patterns and disparities. This analysis demonstrated that inequity persists due to institutional, social, cultural, and personal factors that shape academic production by women. Several phenomena were also identified that limit the consolidation of women’s scientific careers, which is essential to promote changes in national science and technology systems. Similarly, discussions were held on whether strategies exist to reduce the gender gap in scientific production within STEM fields in Latin America, and to understand the dynamics that promote equitable participation in knowledge generation. This analysis, in addition to highlighting the challenges that women face in scientific production, offers insights into opportunities to advance toward an equitable and diverse science oriented to sustainable development.