墨西哥全球事務年鑑後疫情時代歐中關係：

邁向多面向的中國政策

Abstract

在新冠肺炎疫情爆發之後，由於中國官方不透明的防疫政策以及虛假資訊的操作，歐洲政治氛圍對中國的態度開始轉變，對中國與歐盟各國外交關係造成巨大衝擊。之後，雙方又因人權議題、華為5G建設等爭議而陷入雙邊關係的低潮，原本在美、中貿易戰中不願選邊站的歐盟與中國的關係也漸行漸遠，也對中國的崛起與所謂的「中國模式」採取更為疑懼的態度。甚至過往中國強硬捍衛視為紅線的人權議題，許多歐洲國家已經不再忌諱碰觸，並對其提出強烈質疑。

當前歐中關係包含合作、競爭與對抗，即夥伴（Partner）、競爭者（competitor）與對手（rival）三個不同關係面向，歐盟多面向（Multi-faceted）的中國政策似乎已成定論，至於是何種定位，涉及到歐中雙方如何看待和化解分歧本身，以及雙方要如何防止人權等價值觀的分歧阻礙合作。總體而言，未來歐中關係雖然會有一些問題和矛盾，但長期來看，預期合作仍將是主流，其不僅牽涉到雙方的全球戰略布局，也因為最符合雙方的共同利益。

EU-China relations in the post-COVID-19 era:Towards a multi-faceted China policy

After the outbreak of the COVID-19, due to China’s official opaque epidemic prevention policies and the operation of misinformation, the European political atmosphere began to change its attitude towards China, which has caused a huge impact on the diplomatic relations between China and EU countries.

After that, the two sides fell into a low ebb in bilateral relations due to disputes over human rights issues and Huawei 5G wireless network construction. The relationship between the EU and China, which was originally unwilling to take sides in the US-China trade war, has also gradually drifted away, and EU adopted a more skeptical attitude towards China’s rise and the so-called “China Model”.

In the past, China has strongly defended human rights issues and regarded it as the bottom line of bilateral relations between Europe and China, but now many European countries have strongly questioned China’s misconduct. The current EU-China relationship includes three different aspects of cooperation, competition and confrontation, namely, partner, competitor and rival. The EU’s multi-faceted China policy seems to be a foregone conclusion. As for the relationship between the two sides, it involves how the EU and China view and resolve differences themselves, and how to prevent differences in values such as human rights from hindering cooperation.

In general, although there are still some disputes and contradictions in the current EU-China relations, in the long run, strengthening cooperation will still be the mainstream. It not only involves the global strategic layout of both parties, but also conforms to mutual interests.