International Cooperation and the Participation of International Organizations in the Face of Global Crises

The COVID-19 Case in the Tijuana–San Diego Region”

Authors

  • Ana Luisa Ramírez Soto Autonomous University of Baja California
  • Rafael Velázquez Flores Autonomous University of Baja California

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.59673/amag.v3i3.110

Keywords:

Global health, international organizations, COVID-19 pandemic, cross-border region, binational cooperation

Abstract

In today’s globalized world, global health has become a key priority on the international agenda. The COVID-19 pandemic exposed the limitations of existing institutional frameworks to effectively respond to global health crises, particularly in cross-border regions such as Tijuana-San Diego. This essay analyzes the relationship between global health and international organizations, with a focus on the role of the World Health Organization and the challenges faced by Mexico and the United States in jointly managing the pandemic in this binational context. Through five sections, the paper explores the concept of global health, the relevance of international organizations, the specific dynamics of the Tijuana-San Diego border region, and the impact of COVID-19 on this area. The analysis concludes that, despite ongoing efforts, structural and political challenges remain that hinder effective and coordinated cooperation during global health emergencies.

Author Biographies

Ana Luisa Ramírez Soto, Autonomous University of Baja California

She holds a bachelor's degree in International Relations. She also holds a Master’s and a Ph.D. in Global Development Studies from the Autonomous University of Baja California. She serves as a full-time professor at the Faculty of Economics and International Relations of the same institution, where she coordinates the Bachelor’s Degree Program in International Relations. She teaches courses on Mexico’s Foreign Policy, Comparative Foreign Policy, Introduction to International Relations, and the Global Agenda. Her research focuses on international cooperation, foreign policy, and sustainable development.

Rafael Velázquez Flores, Autonomous University of Baja California

He is a full-time research professor at the Faculty of Economics and International Relations (FEyRI) of the Autonomous University of Baja California (UABC). He earned his Bachelor’s and Master’s degrees in International Relations from the National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM) and his Ph.D. in International Studies from the University of Miami. He served as President of the Mexican International Studies Association (AMEI) from 2015 to 2017. His research interests include Mexico’s foreign policy, local and cross-border diplomacy, and International Relations theory. He is a Level III member of the National System of Researchers (SNI) and a regular member of the Mexican Academy of Sciences (AMC). He currently serves as President of the Center for Teaching and Analysis on Mexico’s Foreign Policy (CESPEM).

Downloads

Published

2025-10-12

Issue

Vol. 3 No. 3 (2025): AMAG

Section

Essays